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rotation alone is not a cure but slows build-up.","Radish and arugula are short crops that still count as brassica occupancy for rotation.","Sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima) is a brassica: it can host flea beetles and clubroot even though it is grown as an insectary flower."],"sources":["umn-soil-rotation","umn-diseases","finch-collier-2000"]},{"id":"fabaceae","name":"Fabaceae","common_name":"Legume family","members":["bush-beans","pole-beans","peas","white-clover"],"shared_risks":["root rots (Fusarium, Pythium)","bean rust","pea aphid","Mexican bean beetle"],"rotation_years":2,"notes":["Legumes host nitrogen-fixing bacteria; most nitrogen benefit to other crops comes after residues decompose, not while the legume grows."],"sources":["thilakarathna-2016","umn-soil-rotation"]},{"id":"cucurbitaceae","name":"Cucurbitaceae","common_name":"Squash family","members":["cucumber","zucchini","winter-squash","pumpkin","melon"],"shared_risks":["powdery mildew","bacterial wilt","striped and spotted cucumber beetles","squash bugs","squash vine borer"],"rotation_years":2,"notes":["Cucumber beetles spread bacterial wilt; a perimeter trap crop is one documented management tool."],"sources":["cavanagh-2009","sare-trap-crops","umn-diseases"]},{"id":"apiaceae","name":"Apiaceae","common_name":"Carrot family","members":["carrot","parsnip","celery","parsley","cilantro","dill","fennel"],"shared_risks":["carrot rust fly","Alternaria leaf blight","parsley worm (swallowtail caterpillar)"],"rotation_years":2,"notes":["Flowering members (dill, cilantro, fennel) are small-flowered insectary plants; fennel is widely reported to compete with neighbours."],"sources":["hogg-2011","uvah-coaker-1984"]},{"id":"asteraceae","name":"Asteraceae","common_name":"Daisy family","members":["lettuce","sunflower","marigold","calendula","cosmos"],"shared_risks":["lettuce downy mildew","aphids","slugs on lettuce"],"rotation_years":1,"notes":["Marigold nematode suppression is a soil effect from a dense stand, not a neighbour effect."],"sources":["hooks-2010","brennan-2016"]},{"id":"amaryllidaceae","name":"Amaryllidaceae","common_name":"Onion family","members":["onion","garlic","leek","chives"],"shared_risks":["onion white rot","downy mildew","onion fly","leek moth","thrips"],"rotation_years":3,"notes":["White rot persists for over a decade; never replant alliums in infected soil.","Most 'alliums repel pests' claims are tradition; the carrot-fly evidence is conditional."],"sources":["uvah-coaker-1984","umn-companion"]},{"id":"lamiaceae","name":"Lamiaceae","common_name":"Mint family","members":["basil","rosemary","thyme","oregano","sage","mint","lavender"],"shared_risks":["downy mildew (basil)","root rot in wet soil"],"rotation_years":1,"notes":["Mint spreads by runners and is best confined to a container.","Woody Mediterranean herbs need far less water than vegetables; water conflict is the main planning issue."],"sources":["rhs-grow-your-own"]},{"id":"amaranthaceae","name":"Amaranthaceae","common_name":"Beet family","members":["beet","swiss-chard","spinach"],"shared_risks":["leaf miner (Pegomya)","Cercospora leaf spot","downy mildew"],"rotation_years":2,"notes":["Beet and chard are the same species (Beta vulgaris) and share every pest; spinach shares leaf miners."],"sources":["cornell-growing-guides"]},{"id":"poaceae","name":"Poaceae","common_name":"Grass family","members":["corn"],"shared_risks":["corn earworm (also tomato fruitworm)","corn smut","raccoons and birds"],"rotation_years":2,"notes":["Corn is tall and a heavy feeder; plan shade and fertility around it."],"sources":["uc-ipm-home","mt-pleasant-2016"]},{"id":"rosaceae","name":"Rosaceae","common_name":"Rose family","members":["strawberry","raspberry"],"shared_risks":["grey mould (Botrytis)","Verticillium wilt","spotted wing drosophila"],"rotation_years":3,"notes":["Strawberries share Verticillium with nightshades; avoid beds recently used for tomato or potato."],"sources":["rhs-grow-your-own","umn-diseases"]},{"id":"other","name":"Other families","common_name":"Other","members":["okra","sweet-potato","asparagus","rhubarb","blueberry","nasturtium","borage","buckwheat"],"shared_risks":[],"rotation_years":1,"notes":["Single catalog members of their families; rotation concerns are noted on each plant page."],"sources":["usda-plants"]}]}